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Workshop — Análise Tensorial e Geometria Diferencial
Workshop integrativo da Unidade 4: problemas combinando tensores, formas diferenciais, variedades, geometria riemanniana, curvatura, Gauss-Bonnet, Stokes generalizado, fibrados vetoriais e relatividade geral.
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Workshop: Revisão Completa da Unidade 4
Este workshop integra todos os temas da Unidade 4: Tensores e Notação de Índices, Formas Diferenciais, Variedades Diferenciáveis, Geometria Riemanniana, Curvatura e Geodésicas, Teorema de Gauss-Bonnet, Teorema de Stokes e Aplicações, Fibrados Vetoriais e Relatividade Geral.
Os problemas são organizados em três blocos, do fundamental ao nível de exames de pós-graduação.
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Referências da Unidade 4
Tensores e Geometria Diferencial
- do Carmo, M. P. Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces. Prentice-Hall, 1976. §§3–4 (curvatura de superfícies, Theorema Egregium, Gauss-Bonnet).
- do Carmo, M. P. Riemannian Geometry. Birkhäuser, 1992. §§1–12 (variedades, conexões, curvatura, geodésicas, teoremas de comparação).
- do Carmo, M. P. Differential Forms and Applications. Springer, 1994.
- Lee, J. M. Introduction to Smooth Manifolds. 2.ª ed., Springer, 2013. §§1–6, 8, 10–15 (variedades, mapas suaves, fibrado tangente, fibrados vetoriais, formas).
- Lee, J. M. Riemannian Manifolds: An Introduction to Curvature. Springer, 1997. §§3–12 (conexão, curvatura, geodésicas, comparação).
- Spivak, M. Calculus on Manifolds. W. A. Benjamin, 1965. §§4–5 (formas diferenciais, Stokes).
- Spivak, M. A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry, Vol. V. Publish or Perish, 1975. §13 (Gauss-Bonnet-Chern).
- Milnor, J. Topology from the Differentiable Viewpoint. Princeton, 1965. §§3–6 (grau, índice, Gauss-Bonnet, Pontryagin-Hopf).
- Milnor, J. Morse Theory. Princeton, 1963. §§13–16 (geodésicas, pontos conjugados, índice de Morse).
- Milnor, J.; Stasheff, J. Characteristic Classes. Princeton, 1974. §§1, 14 (classes de Stiefel-Whitney, Chern, Pontryagin).
- Bott, R.; Tu, L. W. Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology. Springer, 1982. §§1–17 (formas, cohomologia, Künneth, classes características, Chern-Weil).
- Warner, F. W. Foundations of Differentiable Manifolds and Lie Groups. Springer, 1983. §§1, 5–6.
- Kobayashi, S.; Nomizu, K. Foundations of Differential Geometry, Vol. I. Wiley, 1963. §§I–IV (fibrados, conexões, holonomia, Ambrose-Singer).
- Nakahara, M. Geometry, Topology and Physics. 2.ª ed., IOP, 2003. §§9–13 (fibrados, holonomia, classes características, Atiyah-Singer, Yang-Mills).
- Struik, D. J. Lectures on Classical Differential Geometry. 2.ª ed., Dover, 1988.
- Pressley, A. Elementary Differential Geometry. Springer, 2001.
Relatividade Geral
- Carroll, S. Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity. Cambridge, 2019. §§1–10 (manifolds, curvatura, equações de Einstein, Schwarzschild, cosmologia, ondas gravitacionais).
- Misner, C. W.; Thorne, K. S.; Wheeler, J. A. Gravitation. Freeman, 1973. §§1–6, 17–18, 25–26, 35–37 (tensores, equações de campo, limite newtoniano, Schwarzschild, ondas).
- Wald, R. M. General Relativity. Univ. Chicago Press, 1984. §§12.4–12.5 (termodinâmica de buracos negros).
- Landau, L. D.; Lifshitz, E. M. Classical Theory of Fields. 4.ª ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, 1975. §§86–100, 106–114 (ondas gravitacionais, cosmologia).
- Chandrasekhar, S. The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes. Oxford, 1983.
- Schutz, B. F. A First Course in General Relativity. 2.ª ed., Cambridge, 2009.
- Hawking, S. W. "Particle Creation by Black Holes." Commun. Math. Phys. 43 (1975) 199–220.
- Bekenstein, J. D. "Black Holes and Entropy." Phys. Rev. D 7 (1973) 2333–2346.
- Hulse, R. A.; Taylor, J. H. "Discovery of a Pulsar in a Binary System." ApJ 195 (1975) L51–L53.
- Abbott, B. P. et al. (LIGO) "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger." Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 061102.
- Maldacena, J. "The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity." Int. J. Theor. Phys. 38 (1999) 1113–1133.
Topologia e Classes Características
- Hatcher, A. Algebraic Topology. Cambridge, 2002. (cohomologia, sequência de Mayer-Vietoris).
- Atiyah, M. F.; Singer, I. M. "The Index of Elliptic Operators I–III." Ann. Math. 87 (1968) 484–530; 87 (1968) 531–545; 87 (1968) 546–604.
- Atiyah, M. F. K-Theory. W. A. Benjamin, 1967.
- Atiyah, M. F.; Bott, R. "The Yang-Mills Equations over Riemann Surfaces." Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London A 308 (1983) 523–615.
- Donaldson, S. K. "Self-Dual Connections and the Topology of Smooth 4-Manifolds." J. Diff. Geom. 18 (1983) 279–315.
- Lawson, H. B.; Michelsohn, M.-L. Spin Geometry. Princeton, 1989. §§III.13–14, IV.3.
- Chern, S.-S. "A Simple Intrinsic Proof of the Gauss-Bonnet Formula for Closed Riemannian Manifolds." Ann. Math. 45 (1944) 747–752.
- Nash, C.; Sen, S. Topology and Geometry for Physicists. Academic Press, 1983.
- Bleecker, D. Gauge Theory and Variational Principles. Addison-Wesley, 1981.
Mecânica Contínua e Física Matemática
- Synge, J. L.; Schild, A. Tensor Calculus. Dover, 1978.
- Malvern, L. E. Introduction to the Mechanics of a Continuous Medium. Prentice-Hall, 1969. §3 (tensores na mecânica contínua).
- Lovelock, D.; Rund, H. Tensors, Differential Forms, and Variational Principles. Wiley, 1975.
- Flanders, H. Differential Forms with Applications to the Physical Sciences. Dover, 1989. §§2–4 (Maxwell, elasticidade).
- Arnold, V. I.; Khesin, B. Topological Methods in Hydrodynamics. Springer, 1998.
- Arnold, D. N.; Falk, R. S.; Winther, R. "Finite Element Exterior Calculus: From Hodge Theory to Numerical Stability." Acta Numerica 15 (2006) 1–155.