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Lesson 63 — Curve Sketching

Complete pipeline for graphical analysis via calculus: domain, intercepts, symmetries, asymptotes, monotonicity (f'), concavity (f''), inflection points, and final sketch.

Used in: Year 2 HS · Equivalent Japanese Math II/III (Kurvendiskussion) · Equivalent German Analysis Klasse 12

DomAsympt.ffSketch\text{Dom} \to \text{Asympt.} \to f' \to f'' \to \text{Sketch}
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Rigorous notation, full derivation, hypotheses

Graphical Analysis Pipeline

The Eight Formal Steps

"If f'(x) > 0 on an interval, then f is increasing on that interval. If f''(x) > 0, then f is concave up. These two pieces of information, combined with critical and inflection points, give a complete picture of the graph." — OpenStax Calculus Vol. 1, §4.5

Combined Behavior Table

Behavior
increasing, concave up
increasing, concave down
decreasing, concave up
decreasing, concave down

Definition of Concavity and Inflection

local maxinflectioninflectionlocal minxy

Typical curve: local maximum, two inflection points (change of concavity), local minimum. Inflection points occur where the curvature changes direction.

Solved Examples

Exercise list

30 exercises · 7 with worked solution (25%)

25 2 1 2
  1. Ex. 63.1Answer key

    Determine the intervals of increase/decrease and concavity of .

  2. Ex. 63.2

    For , determine: intervals of increase/decrease, local extrema, concavity, and inflection points.

  3. Ex. 63.3

    Completely analyze : domain, asymptotes, extrema, concavity.

  4. Ex. 63.4

    Sketch (Gaussian curve): domain, extrema, inflections, asymptote.

  5. Ex. 63.5

    Analyze for : domain, extrema, concavity.

  6. Ex. 63.6

    Sketch : domain, vertical and horizontal asymptotes, extrema.

  7. Ex. 63.7

    Determine the inflection points and intervals of concavity for .

  8. Ex. 63.8

    Completely analyze : extrema, inflection, asymptote.

  9. Ex. 63.9

    Analyze : domain, minimum, concavity.

  10. Ex. 63.10Answer key

    Determine the slant asymptote and sketch .

  11. Ex. 63.11

    Determine intervals of increase, local extrema, and concavity of on .

  12. Ex. 63.12

    The correct definition of an inflection point is:

  13. Ex. 63.13Answer key

    "Concave up on an interval" means that:

  14. Ex. 63.14Answer key

    Completely analyze .

  15. Ex. 63.15Answer key

    Analyze : extrema, concavity, behavior at infinity.

  16. Ex. 63.16

    For on , determine local extrema, inflections, and sketch.

  17. Ex. 63.17

    Sketch : domain, asymptotes, increase, concavity.

  18. Ex. 63.18

    Completely analyze : extrema, inflections, concavity, symmetry.

  19. Ex. 63.19Answer key

    Determine domain, asymptotes, and extrema of ... (correct to — even function with asymptotes at ).

  20. Ex. 63.20

    Completely sketch .

  21. Ex. 63.21

    Analyze for : extrema, concavity, intercepts.

  22. Ex. 63.22

    Determine the slant asymptote and extrema of .

  23. Ex. 63.23

    Prove that if on , then the graph of lies above any tangent line on (a concave up function lies above its tangents).

  24. Ex. 63.24

    Show that every cubic function with has exactly one inflection point, and that the graph is symmetric about this point.

  25. Ex. 63.25

    Completely sketch for , including the limit as .

  26. Ex. 63.26

    Completely analyze : extrema, inflections, concavity, symmetry.

  27. Ex. 63.27Answer key

    Analyze : domain, maximum, inflection, asymptote.

  28. Ex. 63.28

    Analyze the extrema and symmetry of .

  29. Ex. 63.29

    Sketch : asymptotes, extrema, parity.

  30. Ex. 63.30

    Analyze the family of curves with : determine extrema and inflections as functions of the parameters. How do and control the curve's shape?

Sources

Updated on 2024-05-15 · Author(s): Clube da Matemática

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